Gaushala is a Sanskrit term
that comprises two words i.e. “Gau” means cow and “Shala” means a shelter house,
which means the house or preserve for cows, calves and bulls. Aside from
providing housing, the Gaushala also saves the animals intended for illegal killing.
Gaushala means a generous institution recognized for protection, upbringing,
rearing and preserving cows & bulls or for the greeting, protection and
treatment of sick, elderly or diseased cattle.
Gaushalas are caring housings
for cows in India. Gaushalas concentrate on giving cows well, because of their spiritual
worth in Hinduism and consequential cultural sympathy to their safety. India’s
first Gaushala was started in Rewari (in Haryana) by Swami Dayanand Saraswati,
the initiator of Arya Samaj. There are now numerous Gaushalas spread all over
India.
Objectives
of Gaushalas
The common purposes of
Gaushalas are:
· To reserve the Indian cow and offspring
and to breed and promote them for delivering sufficiently pure milk & milk items
to the people and allocate the best female calves to the residents.
· Prepare the best pedigree Indian bulls and
supply them to villagers for breeding and upgrading village cows.
· Construction of best strong bullocks for draught works and conserves male calves for spreading to farmers.
Recommendations
of National Commission on Cattle: -
A stray animal is a local
animal that is itinerant at large or is lost. So, cattle in common and cow and their
offspring in specific, roaming on the roads of villages, municipalities and
cities can be known as stray cattle.
Committee
Recommendations
The following strategies
are recommended for the purpose by the ‘National Commission on Cattle’:
1. Establishment
of Village Gosadans
2. Establishment
of Cow Sanctuaries
3. Establishment
of Cattle Colonies
1.
Establishment
of Village Gosadans
Every village should have one Village Gosadan to look out for the wandering cattle of
the zone. Also, the periodic left-out cows can be housed there. The Village
Gosadans planned by National Commission on Cattle is dissimilar from the
Gosadans suggested by Sardar Datar Singh Committee (1947) in many customs.
Gosadans recommended by
National Commission on Cattle (2002)
· A minor village level organization having
stray cattle of only gram panchayat area, and the land of 100 acres or as per the
accessibility.
· Also income by way of biogas,
bio-fertilizers, bio-pesticides, panch-gavya medicines, breeds improvement,
bull service and also the sale of milk.
· Linkages with ‘Krishi Go-Vigyan Anusandhan
Kendras, research organisations, agriculture and veterinary extension units
etc.
· Organic farming is the call of the day, a lot
of awareness of scientific use of cow dung research is being done on cow dung
and cow urine.
Gosadans recommended by
Datar Singh Committee (1947)
·
Large size organisation involving 4000
acres of land and 2000 cattle.
·
Involved only expenditure.
·
Depends on government funding.
·
Functioning in isolation No thought on
economic
·
Viability and new avenues.
2.
Establishment
of Cow Sanctuaries
It
is planned that Cow Reservations be recognized in each of the situations. In
every State, there are big coverings of land lying idle and vacant. Such lands
can be established into Cow Reservations. All the stray cattle of the contiguous
cities and municipalities may be housed there. Thus, if Gosadans will care for
stray cattle in-state areas, Cow uncertainties will help cities in getting rid
of the ever-increasing difficulty of stray cattle.
3. Establishment
of Cattle Colonies
Approximately of the Cow reservations
should be nominated for emerging as Cattle colonies as per details specified below:
· From the Cow Reservations to be recognized
as recommended above, the appropriate ones can be used for emerging Cattle colonies.
Cattle colonies would be the parts with adequate ordinary and food grasslands
where milk-cows can be reserved.
· On average, a ranch of 500 hectares maybe
sufficient to sustain 250 milch cows and 50 ‘Gopalak’ families.
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