What is a Vaccine? What is the current status of Corona vaccine in the world?

Vaccine

A vaccine is a biological preparation that delivers immunity against any infectious disease. A vaccine usually comprises an agent that looks like a disease-causing organism. Vaccination is a safe & effective way to prevent persons from infectious disease before they come into contact. Vaccination is the administration of the vaccine in the body to help the immune system to protect from various disease.

There is 4 type of vaccines:

1.      Inactivated vaccine

2.      Live attenuated vaccine

3.      Recombinant & conjugate vaccine

4.      Toxoid vaccine

The worldwide try to form a secure and effective COVID-19 vaccine has favourable outcomes. Some vaccines are currently approved within the world and numerous are under development.

For our reader’s reading simplicity, our vaccines are categorised in table form. This provides details of vaccines that have received regulative authorization or approval and that are under 1-3 clinical trials.

Here is the summary of some leading vaccines in the world; -

Sr. No.	Vaccine name	Vaccine type	Inventors	Origin country	Approval status	Trial phase	Storage	Efficacy
1	Comirnaty (BNT162b2)	mRNA based vaccine	Pfizer, BioNTech	Multinational	Approved by WHO, UK, Bahrain, Mexico, US, Singapore, Oman, EU	Finished	At -70°C	95.0%
2	Moderna COVID‑19 Vaccine (mRNA1273)	mRNA- based vaccine	Modrena, Barda, Niaid	USA	Approved by US & Canada	Finished	At -20°C	94.5%
3.	Coronavac	Inactivated vaccine	Sinovac	China	Approved by China	Finished	Refrigerator	Over 50%
4	Sputnik V	Non-replicating viral vector	Gamaleya Research Institute	Russia	Approved by Russia	Finished	Freezer storage	91.4%
5	BBIBP-CorV	Inactivated vaccine	Beijing Institute of biological research	China	Approved by China, Bahrain, UAE	Finished	Unknown	79.34%
6	EpiVacCorona	Peptide Vaccine	Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Centre of Virology and Biotechnology	Russia	Approved by Russia	Finished	Refrigerator (Up to 2 years)	Unknown
7	AZD1222 (Covishield)	Adenovirus	Oxford, AstraZeneca, Serum Institute of India.	UK, India	Approved for emergency use in Britain & India	Finished	Refrigerator (Upto 6 month)	Up to 90%
8	Covaxin	Inactivated vaccine	Bharat Biotech, National Institute of Virology	India	Approved in India	Finished	Room Temperature (At least 1 week)	81%
9	COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen (JNJ-78436735)	Non-replicating viral vector	Johnson & Johnson	Israel	Not Approved	Phase 3	At -4°C	Unknown
10	Covidicea (Ad5nCoV)	Adenovirus type 5 vector	CanSino Biologics	China	Not Approved	Phase 3	Unknown	Unknown
11	NVX-CoV2373	Nanoparticle vaccine	Novavax	US	Not Approved	Phase 3	Refrigerator	Unknown
12	No name announced	Inactivated vaccine	Wuhan Institute of biological research & Sinopharm	China	Approved for limited use in China & UAE	Phase 3	Unknown	Unknown
13	ZyCov-D	DNA Vaccine (Plasmid)	Zydus Cadila	India	Not Approved	Phase 3	Room temperature	Unknown

 This table will be updated regularly when the vaccine status will change.

Note: Suggestions are open for any change. If you have any update, please mention in comment.